VAT-free day · the honest number

What a “VAT-free day” really saves you

A shop can’t legally drop VAT — it divides the price by 1 + the rate. So a “VAT-free” claim is a smaller discount than it sounds. Here’s the true number.

A “VAT-free day” in on EUR is really…
Off17.36%
Pay 82.64 EUR, save 17.36 · 21 ÷ (100 + 21) × 100 = 17.36% (not 21%)

The arithmetic

Why “día sin IVA” isn’t the discount on the poster

When a retailer runs a “VAT-free day”, it still charges VAT to the tax office — the promotion just means the customer pays what the item would cost without the VAT component. Mathematically the shop takes the normal, VAT-inclusive price and divides it by (1 + rate/100).

Because the saving is measured against the higher, tax-inclusive price, the real discount is always rate ÷ (100 + rate), not the rate itself. It sounds like 21% off; it’s 17.36% off.

Spain · 21%Claim “21% off”21 ÷ 121 = 17.36% real
Italy · 22%Claim “22% off”22 ÷ 122 = 18.03% real
Poland · 23%Claim “23% off”23 ÷ 123 = 18.70% real

A worked example

A €100 item on a Spanish “día sin IVA”: you pay €100 ÷ 1.21 = €82.64, saving €17.36. That’s a real 17.36% discount — 3.64 points less than the “21%” the campaign implies. Real discount = cash saved ÷ advertised price × 100.

VAT-free day questions

Is a “VAT-free day” really 0% VAT?
No. A shop can’t legally sell without charging VAT. On a “VAT-free day” it absorbs the tax by dividing the shelf price by (1 + rate/100) — so the price falls, but by less than the headline rate.
Why is 21% off really only 17.36%?
Because the discount is measured against the VAT-inclusive price. The true rate is rate ÷ (100 + rate). For 21%: 21 ÷ 121 = 17.36%. For 22% it’s 18.03%, for 23% it’s 18.70%.
So is it a bad deal?
Not necessarily — 17.36% off is still a genuine discount. The point is honesty: the poster’s number and the real saving differ by a few points, and now you can see the actual figure before you buy.
Does this work for any country?
Yes. Pick the country and the calculator uses its current standard VAT rate; enter the advertised price to see the real price you’d pay and the cash saved.